the punitive system for the crime of kidnapping people (its elements and penalties between aggravation and mitigation) . Alijtihed Journal on Legal and Economic Studies, [S. l.], v. 11, n. 02, p. 111–130, 2022. DOI: 10.36540/b1fr7g34. Disponível em: https://alijtihed.univ-tam.dz/article/view/215.. Acesso em: 25 mar. 2026.